Nails usually need trimming about once a month, but your cat may need it more or less often.
Before starting the process, you'll need the proper tool. Purchase a nail trimmer made especially for cats. Don't use human fingernail clippers because they aren't designed for the shape of a cat's claw and will leave the edge ragged. Don't use dog nail trimmers because they're too big. You can find cat nail trimmers at pet supply stores.
If your cat isn't comfortable having his paws handled, do some training sessions first where you briefly pet his paws and then reward with a treat. During subsequent sessions, work up to holding a paw in your hand and extending the nails. If you gently squeeze the paw pad, the nails will automatically extend.
The blood supply and nerve endings for a cat's nail begin midway down the nail. If you cut too much of the claw, you'll cause pain, bleeding, and possible infection. Snip off just the tip of the nail, and always cut less than you think you should.
To get your cat comfortable with the process, trim one nail and then reward with a treat. Don't try to trim all the nails at once. If you make the process quick and fun, he won't view it as a torture session the next time.
If you're afraid to trim your cat's nails, your veterinarian can demonstrate. For very difficult kitties, though, it's best to have your veterinarian or groomer do the nail trimming.
For more specifics, refer to my latest book, Starting from Scratch.
